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I asked this question on the old literature site, it got migrated to the science fiction and fantasy site, and then was later closed as off-topic. I figured that I might as well ask the question here.

I remember reading somewhere that Mr. Pilkington, Frederick, and the other farmers in Animal Farm symbolized different countries, but I forgot which country they each symbolized. Is that true, and if it is, can someone remind me which countries the individual farmers symbolized?

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  • Mr. Jones symbolizes Tsar Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russia. He oppresses the animals, but is overthrown.

  • Mr. Pilkington symbolizes England and the USA. They are frightened of the revolution. He has a larger, but more unkempt farm compared to Frederick.

  • Mr. Frederick is possibly Germany, as he's described as abusing his animals and is on bad terms with Mr. Pilkington.

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    Note that Frederick (as in the Great) and Pilkington are near-caricatures of very German and English names respectively.
    – Gaurav
    Jan 18, 2017 at 20:44
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    Could you edit to flesh out this answer with some more explanation? It's not very well supported at the moment, and an answer scoring +14 should really set a better example than this :-) (relevant recent meta post)
    – Rand al'Thor ♦
    Jan 16, 2018 at 14:16

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