Honestly, I wouldn't know if it's well known, but it sounds like the 1975 short story Settling the World by M. John Harrison. The first sentence:
With the discovery of God on the far side of the Moon, and the subsequent gigantic and hazardous towing operation that brought Him back to start His reign anew, there began on Earth, as one might assume, a period of far-reaching change.
I first read it in a collection of his short stories titled Things that Never Happen, but it can also be found in another one of his collections also titled Settling the World.
You can find a pretty detailed review for the Settling the World collection here. Its coverage of the short story Settling the World begins at the fifth paragraph. Things that Never Happen seems to have gotten a lot less coverage, but I did find a review here. Both collections have a good chunk of short stories in common.
Finally, the Internet Speculative Fiction Database lists all (I assume) the places this short story has been published.
It's a great short story, and I hope you get the chance to read it again :)