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In Rudyard Kipling's poem The Secret of the Machines the last stanza goes as follows:

Though our smoke may hide the Heavens from your eyes,
It will vanish and the stars will shine again,
Because, for all our power and weight and size,
We are nothing more than children of your brain!

Why is first letter of the word 'Heavens' capitalised? What does the word stand for? Is it personified?

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This poem seems to have two meanings here, a literal one and a metaphorical one.

Let's look at the last eight lines:

We are greater than the Peoples or the Kings—
   Be humble, as you crawl beneath our rods!-
Our touch can alter all created things,
   We are everything on earth—except The Gods!

       Though our smoke may hide the Heavens from your eyes,
         It will vanish and the stars will shine again,
       Because, for all our power and weight and size,
         We are nothing more than children of your brain!

"The Gods" is mentioned in the line before "the Heavens". I think that this and the capitalization should be taken as a hint that "the Heavens" should be read as a metonym for God.

So, read literally, it means that the smoke hides the sky. Metaphorically, it means that machines make people forget about God. (I don't want to go into detail about exactly how they would do that, because there are lots of possibilities, for instance people starting to "worship" machines instead of God, and it's not clear to me which one Kipling was thinking about, if indeed he had one in particular in mind.)

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    I think this is the right interpretation, and the contrast with lower-case “earth” adds further credence. But it’s a strange stanza, as if he got lost in trying to express some redeeming viewpoint. It effectively says “Our smoke will vanish and you’ll reconnect with the Divine because we machines are your brainchild”, the logic of which escapes me.
    – Chappo Hasn't Forgotten Monica
    Jul 3, 2019 at 11:18
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    @Chappo I suspect Kipling may be suggesting that, at some point, the "scales will fall from our eyes" and we'll see through the illusion. (In a sense, it's a validation of a root of humanism, here in a Christian context inspired by the divinity of man, per Jesus, which reinforces the religious context.)
    – DukeZhou
    Jul 3, 2019 at 21:13

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